Summary of Smart Electricity Meter with Energy Monitoring and Feedback System for Theft Detection
Summary: This project detects electricity theft by comparing meter readings from the distribution line and the consumer side. If the distribution reading differs from the consumer reading, indicating leakage or theft, the system alerts via the Blynk app and cuts consumer power using a relay. It measures AC voltage and current with ZMPT101B and ACS712 sensors, processes data on an ESP32, and displays voltage, current, power, and total kWh on the Blynk dashboard.
Parts used in the Theft Detection Energy Meter Project:
- ESP32 microcontroller module
- ACS712 current sensor module
- ZMPT101B voltage sensor module
- Relay module
- Connection wires
- Arduino (software)
- Blynk IoT platform (software)
The project is basically to detect the theft from the energy meter used in households as well as in…
Description
The project is basically to detect the theft from the energy meter used in households as well as in the commercial sector. There is two based meter one for distribution line and one for the consumer side. Whenever the distribution line load reading does not match the consumer side reading; that means there is some kind of power leakage in between distribution and consumer line, leads to deference in energy readings, and theft will be detected. When the theft will occur, a notification will be sent to the app and consumer side power will be cut off. The data send to the Blynk Application Dashboard and display’s the Voltage, Current, Power & total unit consumed in kWh with theft detection alert.
Project Used Hardware
ESP32, ACS712 current sensor module, ZMPT101B voltage sensor module, Relay module, Connection Wires
Project Used Software
Arduino, Blynk IoT platform
Project Hardware Software Selection
I need to select the current sensor as well as the voltage sensor so that the current & voltage can be measured and thus I can know about the power consumption & total power consumed for theft detection with the help of ESP32 and IoT Blynk platform.
ESP32: ESP32 microcontroller module offers a built-in Wi-Fi feature which is ideal for IoT projects since the project is based on the same.
ZMPT101B: ZMPT101B is a high-precision voltage Transformer I use to measure the accurate AC voltage.
ACS712: ACS712 is a fully integrated, hall effect-based linear current sensor use to measure the alternating current in this project.
Relay Module: The relay module is used as a switch for the mains power line. It is controlled by ESP32, when theft is detected, the relay activates and cuts the mains power.
Circuit Diagram
Consumer side meter Schematics same for the Distribution side except for Relay (only use on the consumer side). Current Sensor & ZMPT101B Voltage Sensor VCC is connected to Vin of ESP32 which is a 5V Supply. The GND pin of both the modules is connected to the GND of ESP32. The output analog pin of the ZMPT101B Voltage Sensor and Current Sensor is connected to ESP32. The voltage sensor is connected in parallel with mains and the Current Sensor in series, also the relay as a switch for the output.
Source: Smart Electricity Meter with Energy Monitoring and Feedback System for Theft Detection
- How does the system detect theft?
By comparing distribution line load reading with consumer side reading and flagging a difference as theft. - Can the system cut off consumer power when theft is detected?
Yes, the relay controlled by ESP32 cuts the mains power to the consumer when theft is detected. - What sensors are used to measure voltage and current?
The project uses ZMPT101B for voltage measurement and ACS712 for current measurement. - How is the data displayed and where are alerts sent?
Data and theft detection alerts are sent to and displayed on the Blynk Application Dashboard. - Which microcontroller is used and why?
ESP32 is used because it provides built-in Wi-Fi suited for IoT-based monitoring and notifications. - How are the sensors connected to the ESP32?
Both sensors VCC connect to Vin (5V) of ESP32, GND to ESP32 GND, and their analog outputs to ESP32 analog input pins. - How is the voltage sensor connected in the circuit?
The ZMPT101B voltage sensor is connected in parallel with the mains. - How is the current sensor connected in the circuit?
The ACS712 current sensor is connected in series with the mains load. - Is the relay used on both distribution and consumer side meters?
No, the relay is used only on the consumer side meter. - What measurements are displayed on the Blynk dashboard?
Voltage, Current, Power, and total units consumed in kWh are displayed.
