Love You Pillow

Create Your Bot

Creating a bot is so easy!

Just follow these few simple steps or take a look at the documentation here.

  Look for @BotFather

Type newbot to create a new telegram bot

Type your Bot’s name

Typr your bot’s user name

Note down your Bot’s api token

Set Up the Board

First off make sure we have all the needed libraries.

Here’s the list of all the libraries we will need:

• WiFi101

• TelegramBot

• ArduinoJson

• CapacitiveSensor

You can easily install them following this simple guide.

In order to use Telegram’s API we first need to upload the certificates on the MKR1000. This applies to most of online services and APIs!

Upload the Firmware Updater example from the WiFi101 library and add api.telegram.org to the domains.

> examples > WiFi101 > FirmwareUpdater

If you are using the Arduino Web Editor this feature is not yet implemented and you need to do this through the Arduino Desktop Application.

Open and upload FirmwareUpdater example

Click on tool and select wifi101 firmware updater from dropdown menu

add the api.telegram.org domain and upload it to the board

Let the magic happen!

Open the EchoBot example from the TelegramBot library, fill in your WiFi credentials and the API token you received from the BotFather and upload!

> example > TelegramBot > EchoBot

You just created a bot that echoes all your messages.

EchoBot and Emoji

Emojis are everywhere! We will use them to send our love and hugs. Using the EchoBot example is an easy way to see how the bots read your emoji.

Send an emoji to the bot and see what is the encoded equivalent

Unfortunately the way the bot receives the emoji is not the same used to send them. In order to send an emoji we will need to use UNICODEcharacters.

For instance to send an heart emoji we will use: \U00002764

You can see the full list of unicode emoji codes here. In order to create a bot that replies to an heart emoji with another heart emoji we will use a code like this:

void loop() { 
   message m = bot.getUpdates(); // Read new messages 
   if ( m.chat_id != 0 ){ // Check if there are some updates 
     Serial.println(m.text); // print the message received 
     if(m.text == "u2764ufe0f"){ //check if it received an heart emoji 
     bot.sendMessage(m.chat_id, "\U00002764");  
    // Reply to the same chat with the heart emoji 
     } 
   } 
} 

The result will be:

Reply to heart emoji with another heart emoji

Capacitive Sensor

Enough with Telegram, let’s start building our DIY capacitive sensor!

The CapacitiveSensor library turns two or more Arduino pins into a capacitive sensor, which can sense the electrical capacitance of the human body. All the sensor setup requires is a medium to high value resistor and a piece of aluminum foil.

At its most sensitive, the sensor will start to sense a hand or body inches away from the sensor and through different kind of materials. We will hide our sensor inside the pillow!

Upload the example sketch, connect the wires and see the result on the console:

#include <CapacitiveSensor.h> 
CapacitiveSensor   foil = CapacitiveSensor(5,4);        
// 10M resistor between pins 5 & 4, pin 4 is sensor pin, add a wire and or foil
void setup()                     
{ 
  foil.set_CS_AutocaL_Millis(0xFFFFFFFF);     // turn off autocalibrate  
  Serial.begin(9600); 
} 
void loop()                     
{ 
   long start = millis(); 
   long sensor_value =  foil.capacitiveSensor(30); 
   Serial.print(millis() - start);        // check on performance in milliseconds 
   Serial.print("\t");                    // tab character for debug windown spacing 
   Serial.print(sensor_value);            // print sensor output  
   Serial.println("\t");                    // print sensor output 3 
   delay(500);                             // arbitrary delay to limit data to serial port  
} 

Wiring and Results

 See values on the console

We will use sensor_value as a threshold to detect hugs!

The Heartbeat

The longer you hug, the more heartbeats you hear. The more the heart beats the more love you send (and different emoji, as well).

We will emulate the sound of a heartbeat using a buzzer and a few simple lines of code.

int Buzzer = 8; // Pin attached to the buzzer 
void setup(){} 
void loop(){ 
 HeartBeat(); 
 delay(1000); 
} 
void HeartBeat(){ 
   tone(Buzzer, 31, 200); // tone(Pin, Note, Duration); 
   delay(200); 
   tone(Buzzer, 31, 400); 
   delay(200); 
   noTone(Buzzer);  
   delay(1000); 
} 

For a more complex use of the buzzer and the Tone function take a look at the dropdown menu examples and look for Digital > ToneMelody

#ProTip: Chat-id and Group-chat

In order to send messages, a bot needs a chat-id.

The chat id is the unique identifier of a chat between someone and a bot. In order to get the bot to send messages to a specific person you first need that person to text the bot and save the chat-id of that specific chat.

In this project, the bot will reply only to the very last person who text it no matter who that was.

The bots are public, everyone can text a Bot!

If you want to include the bot in a group chat you need to disable the privacy mode allowing the bot to read all the messages, otherwise it would only be able to detect commands that start with /:

#ProTip: WiFi Best Practices

WiFi can be tricky. Sometimes it just turns off for few seconds with apparently no reason at all. This could be a problem for your Arduino since most of the time we run the WiFi connection function only at the beginning of the sketch.

Online services can be tricky as well, When the Arduino sends a request to a server (Telegram in this case) it waits for a reply. For hundreds of reasons a reply can fail to arrive, keeping the Arduino in an infinite loop.

To make your project more stable, you can add a watchdog.

A watchdog is a timer that has to be periodically updated, otherwise it will reboot the board.

You can use these two libraries to add a watchdog to your project:

• Adafruit SleepyDog

• Adafruit ASF Core // has to be downloaded and installed manually from Github

The EchoBot example will then look like this:

#include <WiFi101.h> 
#include <SPI.h> 
#include <TelegramBot.h> 
#include <Adafruit_SleepyDog.h>  
// Initialize Wifi connection to the router 
char ssid[] = "xxxx";             // your network SSID (name) 
char pass[] = "yyyy";           // your network key 
// Initialize Telegram BOT 
const char BotToken[] = "xxxx"; 
WiFiSSLClient client; 
TelegramBot bot (BotToken, client); 
void setup() { 
 Serial.begin(115200); 
 while (!Serial) {} 
 delay(3000); 
 // attempt to connect to Wifi network: 
 Serial.print("Connecting Wifi: "); 
 Serial.println(ssid); 
 while (WiFi.begin(ssid, pass) != WL_CONNECTED) { 
   Serial.print("."); 
   delay(500); 
 } 
 Serial.println(""); 
 Serial.println("WiFi connected"); 
 bot.begin(); 
 Watchdog.enable(10000); // set the timer to 10 sec 
} 
void loop() { 
   Watchdog.reset(); // if this function is not called within 10 seconds the board will reset itself 
   message m = bot.getUpdates(); // Read new messages 
   if ( m.chat_id != 0 ){ // Checks if there are some updates 
     Serial.println(m.text); 
     bot.sendMessage(m.chat_id, m.text);  // Reply to the same chat with the same text 
   } else { 
     Serial.println("no new message"); 
   } 
}