Arduino is an amazing tool for Makers, and as I got back into Nerf and started modding, I began to wonder what I could do with Arduindo to help determine the effect of modifications. Take a look at any older Nerf video and you will find a kid firing darts on their lawn over a tape measure. Take a look at any recent Nerf video, and you will see them shooting darts through an expensive ballistic chronograph. ...

Flash memory is one of the most widely used types of non-volatile memory. NAND Flash is designed for modern file storage which replaced old disk drives. This article provides a brief understanding of how NAND Flash technology works. The basic storage component used in Flash memory is a modified transistor. In a standard transistor, the flow of current through a channel between two contacts is turned on by a ...

You wan't do a dark sensor with a LDR, one transistor and one LED and you don't know how to do it? In this small tutorial I will explain to you how you can do that even if you know only the basics of electronic. Parts you need: 1 Breadboard; 1 Power source of 12v; 1 Transistor (in this case we use the BC547); 1 Resistor of 1KOhm; 1 Resistor of 680KOhm; 1 LED (in this case blue); 1 LDR: Some condutor cables ...

The transistor revolutionized the field of electronics, and paved the way for smaller and cheaper radios, calculators, and computers, among other things since its very first practically implemented device as a point-contact-transistor invented in 1947 and getting the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1956. Now, engineers from the University of Wisconsin-Madison (UW-Madison) have built the most flexible, fully-funct ...

Note: Try any or all of these at your own risk. I will not be responsible for any issues.  Get a professional to help if you are unsure. The concept is that we take a controlling voltage from the computer or a micro-controller, which drives an electrically isolated circuit with Relay or Triac. You must choose a Relay circuit, if you have a big coffee-machine (greater than 200W or so), otherwise you can use ...

This Design Idea is a solid state relay (SSR) which uses a triac to switch AC loads at high current. There are plenty of simple SSR circuits available, but this may be the simplest circuit that achieves turn-on and turn-off only when the AC line voltage is near zero. Figure 1   AC SSR schematic with zero-cross switching (use browser zoom or open in another tab to enlarge) Transistor Q2 acts as a clamp to di ...

In a recently published study, a team of researchers at SUNY Polytechnic Institute in Albany, New York, has suggested that combining multiple functions in a single semiconductor device can significantly improve device’s functionality and efficiency. Nowadays, the semiconductor industry is striving to scale down the device dimensions in order to fit more transistors onto a computer chip and thus improve the ...

It can be controlled through logic levels to set the speed and the direction of the rotation of CC brushed motors and stepper motors; outputs have LEDs indicating the rotation direction. The circuit board we are presenting this time is based on the dual-bridge driver L298N, in a traditionally mounted version in a Multiwatt container with 15 staggered pins; it has two terminal blocks for attaching to DC moto ...

A very well designed specifically for microcontroller projects useful test card can be used in many different kılıflarda integrated standard input output ports that can be used for a long period of time, a… Electronics Projects, All-in-One Microcontroller Experiment PCB “pic development board, “ A very well designed specifically for microcontroller projects useful test card can be used in many different kıl ...

Researchers have demonstrated the high-performance potential of an experimental transistor made of a semiconductor called beta gallium oxide, which could bring new ultra-efficient switches for applications such as the power grid, military ships and aircraft. The semiconductor is promising for next-generation “power electronics,” or devices needed to control the flow of electrical energy in circuits. Such a ...

The PNP transistor is a mystery to many. But it doesn’t have to be. If you want to design circuits with transistors, it’s really worth knowing about this type of transistor. For example: Want to automatically turn on a light when it gets dark? The PNP transistor will make this easy for you. In my article how transistors work, I explained how a standard NPN transistor works. If you haven’t already, I’d reall ...

If you have high-powered LEDS, or a power supply, or are trying to control larger motors, you have to get a lot of heat out of your circuit boards. The classic way to dissipate heat is to bolt your power transistor to an aluminum heat sink. That is a slow, messy, and expensive proposition, especially if you need thermal grease between the transistor and heat sink (Figure 1). Another problem with bolted-up h ...