Summary of Arduino-Powered Fire Fighter Robot: A Step-by-Step Guide
Summary (under 100 words): The article describes an Arduino-based autonomous Firefighter Robot that detects flames using three IR flame sensors and navigates toward fires to extinguish them with a 5V water pump and nozzle. Built on a wheeled chassis with an Arduino Uno, servo, relay, and battery, the robot reads sensor values to steer left, right, or forward, stop near the fire, and spray water. The project includes parts list, circuit connections, and Arduino code to control motors, servo scanning, and the pump for firefighting.
Parts used in the Firefighter Robot:
- Arduino Uno
- Flame IR sensor (three units)
- Robot chassis
- 12V battery
- Wires
- Nozzle for water
- Water pump 5V
- Single channel relay
- Servo motor
- Motor driver pins (connections to motors via digital outputs)
Greetings to all, we are glad to have you back at Techatronic. You may have heard of a fire-fighting vehicle before. Today, we are unveiling a groundbreaking breakthrough – the Firefighter Robot. This machine is specifically created to function independently, thereby fitting the definition of a robot. Our design is coded to respond to fires and start firefighting procedures. The abilities of the Firefighter Robot are remarkable, providing a more efficient option for firefighting than conventional vehicles.
In contemporary times, when fire accidents occur in power plants, buildings, and similar settings, the amount of time and human effort required for mitigation is considerable. Consequently, there exists a significant risk of substantial harm to individuals involved.
Introduction
A fire-fighting robot serves the purpose of fire control. This autonomous robot possesses the ability to detect fires independently and manage them by deploying water. Equipped with specific sensors, it identifies fires and navigates towards them for extinguishment. The design of the fire-fighting robot resembles that of a Bluetooth-controlled RC car. It integrates three sensors: one frontal sensor to detect obstacles ahead and two additional sensors placed at the front corners to detect fire. Upon sensing a fire, the robot maneuvers towards the detected site. This specialized robot is outfitted with four wheels, three sensors, a water tank, a nozzle, and a computer system that aids in decision-making, programmed using Arduino code.
As of the publication date, the robot still exists in a smaller form and with restricted capabilities. When turned on, the robot’s main purpose is to advance until it senses a fire. When one of the robot’s sensors identifies a flame, it will change its course towards the fire and use the water nozzle incorporated into the Arduino-controlled firefighting robot to put out the targeted area. While the firefighting robot and line follower robot have similar sensors, their operations vary greatly depending on the circumstances.
Construction
I will provide thorough information on creating a Firefighter robot with Arduino. I will offer a detailed list of necessary parts, the circuit’s code, and guidance for putting it together. Following these instructions makes the assembly of the robot easy and simple. Moreover, if you’re looking to gain some foundational understanding, you can discover educational materials on our site.
Components Required
- Arduino Uno
- flame IR Sensor
- Robot Chassis
- 12v Battery
- Wires
- Nozzle for water
- Water pump 5v
- Single channel relay
Circuit Diagram
Make all the connection as the given in the circuit diagram.
After completing the Connection next step is to write the code and program for our project.
Code
#include
Servo myservo; // create servo object to control a servo
// twelve servo objects can be created on most boards
int pos = 0;
void setup() {
// put your setup code here, to run once:
myservo.attach(11);
pinMode(2, OUTPUT);
pinMode(3, OUTPUT);
pinMode(4, OUTPUT);
pinMode(5, OUTPUT);
pinMode(6, OUTPUT);
pinMode(A0, INPUT);
pinMode(A1, INPUT);
pinMode(A2, INPUT);
Serial.begin(9600);
digitalWrite(6, HIGH);
}
void loop() {
// put your main code here, to run repeatedly:
int a = analogRead(A0);
int b = analogRead(A1);
int c = analogRead(A2);
Serial.print(a);
Serial.print(” “);
Serial.print(b);
Serial.print(” “);
Serial.print(c);
Serial.println(” “);
delay(50);
if (a<=250)
{
digitalWrite(2, LOW);
digitalWrite(3, LOW);
digitalWrite(4, LOW);
digitalWrite(5, LOW);
digitalWrite(6, LOW);
for (pos = 60; pos <= 120; pos += 1) { // goes from 0 degrees to 180 degrees // in steps of 1 degree myservo.write(pos); // tell servo to go to position in variable ‘pos’ delay(15); // waits 15 ms for the servo to reach the position } for (pos = 120; pos >= 60; pos -= 1) { // goes from 180 degrees to 0 degrees
myservo.write(pos); // tell servo to go to position in variable ‘pos’
delay(15); // waits 15 ms for the servo to reach the position
}
for (pos = 60; pos <= 120; pos += 1) { // goes from 0 degrees to 180 degrees // in steps of 1 degree myservo.write(pos); // tell servo to go to position in variable ‘pos’ delay(15); // waits 15 ms for the servo to reach the position } for (pos = 120; pos >= 60; pos -= 1) { // goes from 180 degrees to 0 degrees
myservo.write(pos); // tell servo to go to position in variable ‘pos’
delay(15); // waits 15 ms for the servo to reach the position
}
for (pos = 60; pos <= 120; pos += 1) { // goes from 0 degrees to 180 degrees // in steps of 1 degree myservo.write(pos); // tell servo to go to position in variable ‘pos’ delay(15); // waits 15 ms for the servo to reach the position } for (pos = 120; pos >= 60; pos -= 1) { // goes from 180 degrees to 0 degrees
myservo.write(pos); // tell servo to go to position in variable ‘pos’
delay(15); // waits 15 ms for the servo to reach the position
}
//delay(200);
}
else if(b<=450)
{
digitalWrite(2, LOW);
digitalWrite(3, LOW);
digitalWrite(4, LOW);
digitalWrite(5, LOW);
digitalWrite(6, LOW);
for (pos = 60; pos <= 120; pos += 1) { // goes from 0 degrees to 180 degrees // in steps of 1 degree myservo.write(pos); // tell servo to go to position in variable ‘pos’ delay(15); // waits 15 ms for the servo to reach the position } for (pos = 120; pos >= 60; pos -= 1) { // goes from 180 degrees to 0 degrees
myservo.write(pos); // tell servo to go to position in variable ‘pos’
delay(15); // waits 15 ms for the servo to reach the position
}
for (pos = 60; pos <= 120; pos += 1) { // goes from 0 degrees to 180 degrees // in steps of 1 degree myservo.write(pos); // tell servo to go to position in variable ‘pos’ delay(15); // waits 15 ms for the servo to reach the position } for (pos = 120; pos >= 60; pos -= 1) { // goes from 180 degrees to 0 degrees
myservo.write(pos); // tell servo to go to position in variable ‘pos’
delay(15); // waits 15 ms for the servo to reach the position
}
for (pos = 60; pos <= 120; pos += 1) { // goes from 0 degrees to 180 degrees // in steps of 1 degree myservo.write(pos); // tell servo to go to position in variable ‘pos’ delay(15); // waits 15 ms for the servo to reach the position } for (pos = 120; pos >= 60; pos -= 1) { // goes from 180 degrees to 0 degrees
myservo.write(pos); // tell servo to go to position in variable ‘pos’
delay(15); // waits 15 ms for the servo to reach the position
}
}
else if(c<=250)
{
digitalWrite(2, LOW);
digitalWrite(3, LOW);
digitalWrite(4, LOW);
digitalWrite(5, LOW);
digitalWrite(6, LOW);
for (pos = 60; pos <= 120; pos += 1) { // goes from 0 degrees to 180 degrees // in steps of 1 degree myservo.write(pos); // tell servo to go to position in variable ‘pos’ delay(15); // waits 15 ms for the servo to reach the position } for (pos = 120; pos >= 60; pos -= 1) { // goes from 180 degrees to 0 degrees
myservo.write(pos); // tell servo to go to position in variable ‘pos’
delay(15); // waits 15 ms for the servo to reach the position
}
for (pos = 60; pos <= 120; pos += 1) { // goes from 0 degrees to 180 degrees // in steps of 1 degree myservo.write(pos); // tell servo to go to position in variable ‘pos’ delay(15); // waits 15 ms for the servo to reach the position } for (pos = 120; pos >= 60; pos -= 1) { // goes from 180 degrees to 0 degrees
myservo.write(pos); // tell servo to go to position in variable ‘pos’
delay(15); // waits 15 ms for the servo to reach the position
}
for (pos = 60; pos <= 120; pos += 1) { // goes from 0 degrees to 180 degrees // in steps of 1 degree myservo.write(pos); // tell servo to go to position in variable ‘pos’ delay(15); // waits 15 ms for the servo to reach the position } for (pos = 120; pos >= 60; pos -= 1) { // goes from 180 degrees to 0 degrees
myservo.write(pos); // tell servo to go to position in variable ‘pos’
delay(15); // waits 15 ms for the servo to reach the position
}
}
else if(a>=251 && a<=700) { digitalWrite(6, HIGH); digitalWrite(2, LOW); digitalWrite(3,HIGH); digitalWrite(4, HIGH); digitalWrite(5, LOW); delay(500); digitalWrite(6, HIGH); digitalWrite(2, HIGH); digitalWrite(3, LOW); digitalWrite(4, HIGH); digitalWrite(5, LOW); delay(500); } else if(b>=251 && b<=800) { digitalWrite(2, LOW); digitalWrite(3,HIGH); digitalWrite(4, HIGH); digitalWrite(5, LOW); digitalWrite(6, HIGH); } else if(c>=251 && c<=800)
{
digitalWrite(2, HIGH);
digitalWrite(3, LOW);
digitalWrite(4, LOW);
digitalWrite(5, HIGH);
digitalWrite(6, HIGH);
delay(500);
digitalWrite(6, HIGH);
digitalWrite(2, HIGH);
digitalWrite(3, LOW);
digitalWrite(4, HIGH);
digitalWrite(5, LOW);
delay(500);
}
else
{
digitalWrite(6, HIGH);
digitalWrite(2, HIGH);
digitalWrite(3, LOW);
digitalWrite(4, HIGH);
digitalWrite(5, LOW);
}
}
Working
In explaining the operation of the Firefighter Robot, we begin by outlining the algorithm to provide a fundamental understanding of the robot’s functionality.
We utilize three IR flame sensors that continuously scan for signs of fire or flames. These sensors detect warmth and heat emitted by any source and are programmed to identify flames in their vicinity. Constantly active, all three sensors actively search for any indication of fire. Upon detection by any of the sensors, the robot initiates a turn and proceeds toward the fire.
How does it function?
The flame sensors help to sense fire and relay this info to the Arduino; the main control system of the robot. The received data is analyzed at the Arduino end to prompt responsive actions resulting from specified statuses. They call the motors to act in a manner required by the path of the fire- either, left, right or forward depending on which sensor was triggered.
Upon reaching the vicinity of the fire, the robot halts and begins the process of extinguishing it by applying water until the fire is brought under control.
- What is the main control unit of the Firefighter Robot?
The Arduino Uno is the main control system that receives sensor data and controls actions. - How many flame sensors does the robot use?
The robot uses three flame IR sensors placed at the front and front corners. - How does the robot detect and respond to fire?
Flame sensors detect heat; the Arduino analyzes readings and steers the robot left, right, or forward toward the detected fire and then sprays water. - What components are used to extinguish the fire?
A 5V water pump, a water tank with a nozzle, and a single channel relay controlled by the Arduino are used to spray water. - Does the robot operate autonomously or via remote control?
The design is autonomous: it scans for flames and responds independently, though it resembles a Bluetooth RC car in appearance. - What power source is specified for the robot?
The project specifies a 12V battery for power. - How does the robot behave when no fire is detected?
When no sensors detect fire, the Arduino keeps certain outputs active to drive the robot forward as per the code's default motor states. - What role does the servo play in the project?
The servo is used to sweep the nozzle or sensor area in specified positions as programmed to assist in locating or aiming at the fire. - Is code provided for the robot?
Yes, the article includes Arduino code that reads analog sensor values and controls motors, servo motions, and the pump relay. - What happens when a flame sensor detects a fire?
The robot stops driving motors, performs servo scan motions, turns toward the fire based on which sensor triggered, and activates water spraying to extinguish it.
