Summary of Arduino Based Heartbeat Monitor
This article describes an Arduino-based heartbeat monitor that calculates heart rate in beats per minute. The system uses a heartbeat sensor module to detect pulses via finger placement, processes five pulses using a specific time-calculation formula, and displays the result on a 16x2 LCD screen. The project includes a push button for reset functionality and allows sensitivity adjustment via a potentiometer on the sensor module.
Parts used in the Heartbeat Monitor:
- Arduino
- Heart Beat sensor module
- 16x2 LCD
- Push button
- Bread board
- Power
- Connecting wires
Heart rate, body temperature and blood pressure monitoring are very important parameters of human body. Doctors use various kind of medical apparatus like thermometer for checking fever or body temperature, BP monitor for blood pressure measurement and heart rate monitor for heart rate measurement. In this project, we have built an Arduino based heartbeat monitor which counts the number of heartbeats in a minute. Here we have used a heartbeat sensor module which senses the heartbeat upon putting a finger on the sensor.
Components
- Arduino
- Heart Beat sensor module
- 16×2 LCD
- Push button
- Bread board
- Power
- Connecting wires
Working of Heartbeat Monitor Project
Working of this project is quite easy but a little calculation for calculating heart rate is required. There are several methods for calculating heart rate, but here we have read only five pulses. Then we have calculated total heart beat in a minute by applying the below formula:
Five_pusle_time=time2-time1;
Single_pulse_time= Five_pusle_time /5;
rate=60000/ Single_pulse_time;
where time1 is first pulse counter value
time2 is list pulse counter value
rate is final heart rate.
When first pulse comes, we start counter by using timer counter function in arduino that is millis();. And take first pulse counter value form millis();. Then we wait for five pulses. After getting five pulses we again take counter value in time2 and then we substarct time1 from time2 to take original time taken by five pulses. And then divide this time by 5 times for getting single pulse time. Now we have time for single pulse and we can easily find the pulse in one minute, deviding 600000 ms by single pulse time.
Rate= 600000/single pulse time.
In this project we have used Heart beat sensor module to detect Heart Beat. This sensor module contains an IR pair which actually detect heart beat from blood. Heart pumps the blood in body which is called heart beat, when it happens the blood concentration in body changes. And we use this change to make a voltage or pulse electrically.
Circuit Diagram and Explanation
Circuit of heartbeat monitor is shown below, which contains arduino uno, heart beat sensor module, reset button and LCD. Arduino controls whole the process of system like reading pulses form Heart beat sensor module, calculating heart rate and sending this data to LCD. We can set the sensitivity of this sensor module by inbuilt potentiometer placed on this module.
- What is the primary function of this project?
The project builds an Arduino based heartbeat monitor which counts the number of heartbeats in a minute. - How does the sensor detect the heartbeat?
The sensor module contains an IR pair that detects the heartbeat from blood by sensing changes in blood concentration. - Can the sensitivity of the sensor be adjusted?
Yes, you can set the sensitivity of the sensor module by using the inbuilt potentiometer placed on it. - How many pulses are read to calculate the heart rate?
The system reads only five pulses to calculate the total heart beat in a minute. - Which Arduino function is used to start the counter?
The timer counter function millis() is used to start the counter when the first pulse comes. - What happens after getting five pulses?
After getting five pulses, the system takes the counter value again as time2 and subtracts time1 to find the original time taken. - Does the Arduino control the whole process?
Yes, Arduino controls the whole process including reading pulses, calculating heart rate, and sending data to the LCD. - What formula is used to find the single pulse time?
The single pulse time is calculated by dividing the Five_pulse_time by 5.
